Humayun came to Agra after his defeat but he stayed in Agra only for one night and left for Delhi the next day with his family and some treasures. Hindal also met him at Rohtas. Now both the brothers left for Lahore. Mirza Askari also met him in Lahore.
Sindh migration
Humayun left Lahore with Hindal and entered Sindh, but the two brothers could not live together there for long. Humayun fell in love with Hamida Banu, the daughter of the religious leader of Hindal, whom he married on 31 August 1541. Due to this Hindal became displeased with Humayun and left him and went to Kandahar. The number of Humayun's companions started decreasing gradually. That's why Humayun's stay in Sindh was not free from danger. Humayun decided to go to Raja Maldev, the ruler of Marwar, but when he reached near Jodhpur, he came to know that Maldev had met Sher Shah and had promised to imprison Humayun. Humayun was horrified by this information and fled from there towards Amarcot via Jaisalmer.
Amarcot Travels
Humayun reached Amarkot on 22 August 1542 in a very pitiable condition. The Rana of Amarcot welcomed Humayun and promised him all help. Humayun stayed in Amarcot for about one and a half months. It was here that on October 14, 1542, Akbar was born from the Hamida Banu. After wandering in Sindh for several months, Humayun left for Qandahar in July 1543. Expulsion from India Humayun was still on his way to Kandahar that he was informed that Mirza Askari was coming to imprison him by order of Kamran. On this, Humayun left his newborn child under the protection of his trusted men and left for Persia in December 1543 by way of Ghazni with his wife and twenty-two loyal followers.
Persia migration
On the way, Humayun sent a letter to Shah Tahmasp of Persia informing about his arrival in Persia. On this Tahmasp sent orders to his officers and subedars that Humayun should be accorded a royal welcome at every place in the Persian state. In July 1544 Humayun met Shah Tahmasp of Persia. Here He followed the Shia tradition.
Military aid by the Shah
Shah gave 13 thousand horsemen to Humayun so that Humayun could attack Kandahar. In return for this help, a promise was taken from Humayun that he would marry Shah's sister's daughter and when the Persian army would hand over Kandahar, Ghazni and Kabul to Humayun, then Humayun would return Kandahar to the Shah of Persia. And will spread Shiaism and Persian culture.
Humayun's return to India
He first attacked Kandahar. The security of Qandahar was entrusted by Kamran to Mirza Askari. The siege of Kandahar lasted for about five months. On 3 September 1545, Askari dedicated the fort of Kandahar to Humayun. The Prince of Persia demanded Humayun to surrender Kandahar, the treasury received from Kandahar and along with his brother Askari to the Shah of Persia, which was not given.
Rule over Kabul and Badakhshan
Humayun made his base in Kandahar and turned his attention towards Kabul. Those days Hindal was in Kabul. Leaving the company of Kamran, he joined Humayun. Other companions of Kamran also left Kamran's side and came towards Humayun. This frightened Kamran and fled from Kabul to Sindh. In November 1545 Humayun entered Kabul where he met his three-year-old son Akbar. Humayun also captured Badakhshan. Humayun fell ill here. Some people spread the rumor of his death. When Kamran got this information, he came from Sindh and he again took control of Kabul. Humayun recaptured Kabul in April 1547. Kamran was blinded in December 1551. After this, he was allowed to go to Mecca with his wife and servant, where Kamran died on 5 October 1557. Mirza Askari was also allowed to go to Mecca.
The conditions in India were now favorable to Humayun as Sher Khan had died and the Afghan state was in decline under the rule of his weak successors. Now Humayun started trying to recover the lost empire of his ancestors.
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